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Ferrofluids (FF), part of magnetic fluids, are colloidal suspensions of very fine magnetic particles (∼ 10 nm). the first synthesis of a ferrofluid was reported in the work of Papell in the sixties. the most used method to prepare magnetic nanoparticles is chemical precipitation and the procedures for this synthesis is to mix FeCl2 and FeCl3 in water then precipitation occurs with the addition of ammonium hydroxide. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles are characterised by (DRX) and the morphology and size of the particles must be established using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. A contribution to the study of cooling systems is to be made using appropriate software and experimental tools on energy-consuming systems. Finally, some comments on future research directions on the properties of ferrofluids are cited in this work.
